Filtration Process Kidneys filter blood through millions of tiny filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron contains a glomerulus, where blood pressure forces water, salts, and waste products through tiny blood vessel walls. This initial filtration process handles about 180 liters of fluid daily, though most is reabsorbed. The system precisel

Metabolic Processing The liver serves as the body's primary chemical processing plant, breaking down nutrients from digested food. It converts carbohydrates to glucose for energy storage, processes proteins into amino acids, and metabolizes fats for energy or storage. The liver also produces bile, essential for fat digestion, and stores vitamins

Epidermal Defense The epidermis, the outermost skin layer, provides the first line of defense against environmental threats. This layer contains multiple cell types, including keratinocytes that produce protective keratin protein, melanocytes that create pigment for UV protection, and immune cells that guard against pathogens. The surface consta

Natural Design Principles The field of biomimicry draws inspiration from nature's time-tested patterns and strategies to solve human challenges. Take the kingfisher bird, whose streamlined beak inspired the redesign of Japan's bullet trains to reduce sonic booms and improve energy efficiency. Similarly, the self-cleaning properties of lotus leav